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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao IEEE Transactions on...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control
Article . 1987 . Peer-reviewed
License: IEEE Copyright
Data sources: Crossref
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On the Measurement of Shock Waves

Authors: Kevin J. Parker; E.M. Friets;

On the Measurement of Shock Waves

Abstract

The classic theoretical formulations of finite-amplitude distortion invariably depict continuous sinusoidal waves which develop into sawtooth or N-shaped waves. In practice, where ultrasonic wave- forms at high intensities are measured by a PVDF hydrophone con- nected to an oscilloscope, waveforms are observed with gross asym- metries between positive and negative pressure amplitudes, high- amplitude spikes, notches, ringing, and other peculiarities. In princi- ple, additional nonlinearities in the driving stages or the receiving sys- tem may influence the observed waveform. However, it is not necessary to invoke nonlinearities in the transmit or receive systems to explain the time-domain appearance of many waveforms. Instead, linear mechanisms exist which affect the waveshape. The first is a relative phase shift betwen the fundamental and second (and higher) harmonics which occurs in a diffraction-limited focused field. This alters the time- domain appearance but not the spectral content of the observed signal. The second class of linear mechanisms involves hydrophone cable and impedance mismatch effects which alter both time- and frequency-do- main characteristics of the actual pressure waveform incident on the hydrophone. These effects and others are illustrated. The results form the basis for some recommendations on experimental procedures in nonlinear wave propagation.

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
8
Average
Top 10%
Average
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