
Triple Module Redundancy (TMR) is a popular technique for protecting critical FPGA designs. Although automatic tools for TMR generation mostly use triplication on flip-flop level, designers may opt for different approaches. This work analyses the impact of different granularities on TMR architectures based on a coarse- and a medium-grained TMR implementation of a shared Wishbone interconnection. The actual robustness of these different implementations is measured on a Xilinx Virtex-5 FPGA by using error injection into the configuration bitstream. A specialized test setup comprising two FPGAs boards is introduced so as to allow for the execution of the robustness testing. Based on the coarse-grained architecture, a fine categorization of errors in TMR architectures can be obtained.
| citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 14 | |
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| influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Top 10% | |
| impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% |
