Diabetes might be the cause of lots of visual troubles (when it is poorly controlled); it induces the thickening and hardening of the retina's blood vessels and prevents the accomplishment of its function suitably. Among the complications of diabetes on the eye, there is the diabetic retinopathy, which is considered as a major cause of blindness in the industrialized countries. This paper presents a system of fundus eye image analysis, whose purpose is the extraction of lesions related to the non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (micro-aneurysm, hemorrhages and exudates). The detection of these lesions is essentially based on the detection of the non-pathological structures in the retina (blood vessels, optic disc and fovea) and their elimination in order to have just the pathological structures in the result.