When will we realize that our artificial-intelligence and autonomous-robotics research projects have been harnessed to manufacture killing machines? This is not terminator-style science fiction but grim reality: South Korea and Israel have both deployed armed robot border guards, while other nations-including China, India, Russia, Singapore, and the UK-increasingly use military robots. Fully autonomous robots that make their own decisions about lethality appear high on the US military agenda. They benefit the US military by enabling a single battlefield soldier to initiate a large-scale robot attack from the air or on the ground.