
Civic engagement refers to any collective action towards the identification and solving of public issues. Current civic technologies are traditional Web-or mobile-based platforms that make difficult, or just impossible, the participation of citizens via different communication technologies. Moreover, connected objects sensing physical-world data can nourish participatory processes by providing physical evidence to citizens; however, leveraging these data is not direct and still a time-consuming process for civic technologies developers. This paper introduces the concept of social middleware for civic engagement. Social middleware allows citizens to engage in participatory processes-supported by civic technologies-via their favorite communication tools, and to interact not only with other citizens but also with relevant connected objects and software platforms. The mission of social middleware goes beyond the connection of all these heterogeneous entities. It aims at easing the implementation of distributed applications oriented toward civic engagement by featuring dedicated built-in services.
Civic technology, Middleware, [INFO.INFO-WB] Computer Science [cs]/Web, IoT - Internet of Things, [INFO.INFO-SI] Computer Science [cs]/Social and Information Networks [cs.SI], [INFO.INFO-SE] Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], Civic IoT, [INFO] Computer Science [cs], Citizen-sensor-networks, Citizen empowerment, Cyber-Physical-Social Systems, [INFO.INFO-ET] Computer Science [cs]/Emerging Technologies [cs.ET]
Civic technology, Middleware, [INFO.INFO-WB] Computer Science [cs]/Web, IoT - Internet of Things, [INFO.INFO-SI] Computer Science [cs]/Social and Information Networks [cs.SI], [INFO.INFO-SE] Computer Science [cs]/Software Engineering [cs.SE], Civic IoT, [INFO] Computer Science [cs], Citizen-sensor-networks, Citizen empowerment, Cyber-Physical-Social Systems, [INFO.INFO-ET] Computer Science [cs]/Emerging Technologies [cs.ET]
| selected citations These citations are derived from selected sources. This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 2 | |
| popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Average | |
| influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Average | |
| impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Average |
