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Almost Optimal Canonical Property Testers for Satisfiability

Authors: Christian Sohler;

Almost Optimal Canonical Property Testers for Satisfiability

Abstract

In the $(k, d)$-Function-SAT problem we are given a set of $n$ variables $\{X_1, \dots, X_n\}$ that can take values from the set $\{1, \dots, d\}$ and a set of Boolean constraints on these variables, where each constraint is of the form $f:\{1, \dots, d\}^k \right arrow \{0, 1\}$, i.e. the constraint depends on exactly $k$ of these variables. We will treat $k$ and $d$ as constants. The goal is to determine whether the set of constraints has a satisfying assignment, i.e. an assignment to the variables such that all constraints simultanuously map to $1$. In this paper, we study $(k, d)$-Function-SAT in the property testing model for dense instances. We call an instance $\epsilon$-far from satisfiable, if every assignment violates more than $\epsilon n^k$ constraints. A property testing algorithm is a randomized algorithm that, given oracle access to the set of constraints, must accept with probability at least $3/4$ all satisfiable inputs and rejects with probability at least $3/4$ all inputs, which are $\epsilon$-far from satisfiable. We analyze the canonical non-adaptive property testing algorithm with one-sided error: Sample $r$ variables and accept, if and only if the induced set of constraints has a satisfying assignment. The value of $r$ will be called the \emph{sample complexity} of the algorithm. We show that there is an $r_0 = \wide tilde O(1/\epsilon)$ such that for any instance that is $\epsilon$-far from satisfiable, the probability, that a random sample on $r\ge r_0$ variables is satisfiable, is at most $1/4$. This implies that the above algorithm is a property tester. The obtained sample complexity is nearly optimal for canonical testers as a lower bound of $\Omega(1/\epsilon)$ on the sample complexity is known. Previously, a tester with sample complexity $o(1/\epsilon^2)$ was only known for the very special case of testing bipartite ness in the dense graph model \cite{AK02}. Our new general result improves the best previous result for testing satisfiability (and even for the special case of $3$-colorability in graphs) from sample complexity $\wide tilde O(1/\epsilon^2)$ to $\wide tilde O(1/\epsilon)$. It also slightly improves the sample complexity for the special case of bipartite ness. Improving the sample complexity for $(k, d)$-Function-SAT (or special cases of it) had been posed in several papers as an open problem \cite{AK02, AS03, RS11}. This paper solves this problem nearly optimally for canonical testers and, in the case of $k=2$, also for non-adaptive testers as there is a lower bound of $\Omega(1/\epsilon^2)$ on the query complexity of non-adaptive testers for bipartite ness in the dense graph model \cite{BT04}, where the query complexity denotes the number of queries asked about the graph (for a canonical tester in graphs, the query complexity is the square of its sample complexity). As a byproduct, we obtain an algorithm, which, given a satisfiable set of constraints, computes in time $O(n/\epsilon^{O(1)} + 2^{\wide tilde O(1/\epsilon)})$ a solution, which violates at most $\epsilon n^k$ constraints.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
9
Top 10%
Average
Average
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