As the industry chain of optical access networktechnology develops quickly and its techniques and productsimprove much, the global deployment of optical accessnetwork is accelerating. The time of the large-scale applicationof optical access network has come. Besides the transmissioncharacteristics of good quality, large capacity, and longdistance, GPON has the advantages of low maintenance cost,high confidentiality, and strong anti-jamming capability. So ithas great promise in the application of optical broadbandaccess. This paper introduces the structure and characteristicsof GPON technology, analyzes the key technology for GPON,designs the passive optical network transmission in HaidianDistrict of Hainan University, and at last, illustrates theadvantages of GPON technology.