The continuum structure topology optimization design has been research hot spot and the difficulty in the structure optimization design. This article uses the reliability theory and the ESO method to solve the program of the reliability-based topology optimal design of continuum structural. The mathematical model is established and the perturbation method is utilized to the reliability restraint. The ESO method is used to process the topology optimization design of the continuum structure. Several examples are given; the results indicate that the reliability-based topology optimal design of continuum structural is feasible.