Water level regulation due to hydropower production has caused notable changes in the littoral zones of regulated lakes and rivers. Heavy geomorphologic, littoral benthos and vegetation changes have taken place in reservoirs with a fluctuation of water level. This paper presents an analysis of ecological and environmental problems in littoral zone of reservoir, including physical and geochemical problems, and problems for vegetation and animal. In accordance with these problems, four basic ecological restoration principles were put forward: integrated ecology, long term and stages, systematization, and multi-objects. Finally, four main kinds of ecological restoration model were introduced according to restoration principles. This paper could provide scientific principle and basis for maintaining ecological functions and protecting ecosystems in whole reservoir, keeping balance, safe and health of ecosystem in littoral zone of reservoir. land ecosystem and water ecosystem. Littoral zone of reservoir becomes to an ecological interlaced zone due to intense influence of water level fluctuation. The composition, structure and distribution of vegetation community and ecological environment are very different in littoral and pelagic zone. The ecosystem in littoral zone of reservoir has important practical meaning and potential value for increasing plant species, enhancing biology diversity, improving productivity of ecosystem, repairing and protecting soil and water, stabilizing bank, beautification environment and developing tourism. Therefore, it's very important for maintaining ecological functions and protecting ecosystems in whole reservoir that to keep balance, safe and health of ecosystem in littoral zone of reservoir. However, it has been chronically neglected that to protect littoral zone of reservoir.