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Article . 2024 . Peer-reviewed
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https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/ar...
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Adversarial Attacks Against Binary Similarity Systems

Authors: Capozzi, Gianluca; D'Elia, Daniele Cono; Luna, Giuseppe Antonio Di; Querzoni, Leonardo;

Adversarial Attacks Against Binary Similarity Systems

Abstract

In recent years, binary analysis gained traction as a fundamental approach to inspect software and guarantee its security. Due to the exponential increase of devices running software, much research is now moving towards new autonomous solutions based on deep learning models, as they have been showing state-of-the-art performances in solving binary analysis problems. One of the hot topics in this context is binary similarity, which consists in determining if two functions in assembly code are compiled from the same source code. However, it is unclear how deep learning models for binary similarity behave in an adversarial context. In this paper, we study the resilience of binary similarity models against adversarial examples, showing that they are susceptible to both targeted and untargeted attacks (w.r.t. similarity goals) performed by black-box and white-box attackers. In more detail, we extensively test three current state-of-the-art solutions for binary similarity against two black-box greedy attacks, including a new technique that we call Spatial Greedy, and one white-box attack in which we repurpose a gradient-guided strategy used in attacks to image classifiers.

Keywords

FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, binary code models, Adversarial attacks, binary similarity, TK1-9971, Machine Learning (cs.LG), greedy, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, binary analysis, black-box attacks, Cryptography and Security (cs.CR), Adversarial Attacks; Binary Analysis; Binary Code Models; Binary Similarity; Black-box Attacks; Greedy; White-box Attacks

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
Green
gold