The use of wheeled mobile robots (MRs) with symmetrical structure in engineering is rapidly increasing, with applications in various fields, such as industry, agriculture, forestry, healthcare, mining, rehabilitation, search and rescue, household tasks, remote locations, and entertainment. As MRs become more common, researchers are focusing on developing better ways to model and control these robots to improve their performance and adaptability. The main challenges in this area include uncertain dynamics, non-holonomic constraints, and various perturbations, which complicate the design of the control system. This paper presents a new predictive control scheme for MRs that is independent of the dynamics and the robot’s working environment. A Type-3 fuzzy logic system is developed to identify the MR dynamics online. The designed predictive scheme improves accuracy and speeds up convergence, while also addressing uncertainties and considering constraints on control input. Additionally, a chaotic-based system is proposed for secure path planning, generating a complex and unpredictable reference trajectory that is useful for patrol MR applications. The effectiveness of the suggested controller is demonstrated through simulations and experiments.