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IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Article . 1995 . Peer-reviewed
License: IEEE Copyright
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On asymptotics of certain sums arising in coding theory

Authors: Wojciech Szpankowski;

On asymptotics of certain sums arising in coding theory

Abstract

Summary: Recently, \textit{T. Kløve} [ibid. 41, 298-300 (1995; Zbl 0828.94019)] analyzed the average worst case probability of undetected error for linear \([n, k; q]\) codes of length \(n\) and dimension \(k\) over an alphabet of size \(q\). The following sum: \[ S_n= \sum^n_{i=1} {n \choose i} \Biggl( {i\over n} \Biggr)^i \Biggl( {{1-i} \over n} \Biggr)^{n-i} \] arose, which has also some other applications in coding theory, average case analysis of algorithms, and combinatorics. Kløve conjectured an asymptotic expansion of this sum, and we prove its enhanced version in this correspondence. Furthermore, we consider a more challenging sum arising in the upper bound of the average worst case probability of undetected error over systematic codes derived by \textit{J. Massey} [Proc. Int. Conf. Inf. Theory Syst. (Berlin, 1978), 307-315]. Namely, \[ S_{n,k}= \sum^n_{i=1} {{n-k} \choose i} \Biggl( {i\over n} \Biggr)^i \Biggl( {{1-i} \over n} \Biggr)^{n-i} \] for \(k\geq 0\). We obtain an asymptotic expansion of \(S_{n,k}\), and this leads to the conclusion that Massey's bound on the average worst case probability over all systematic codes is better for every \(k\) than the corresponding Kløve bound over all codes \([n, k; q]\). The technique used in this correspondence belongs to the analytical analysis of algorithms and is based on some enumeration of trees, singularity analysis, Lagrange's inversion formula, and Ramanujan's identities. In fact, \(S_n\) turns out to be related to the so-called Ramanujan's \(Q\)-function which finds many applications (e.g., hashing with linear probing, the birthday paradox problem, random mappings, caching, memory conflicts, etc.).

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Keywords

error detections, Ramanujan's \(Q\)-function, asymptotic expansion, singularity analysis, enumeration of trees, Error probability in coding theory, Asymptotic enumeration, linear codes, Lagrange's inversion formula, Linear codes (general theory)

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
10
Average
Top 10%
Average
bronze