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https://doi.org/10.1103/physre...
Article . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
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Article . 2018
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MOND in galaxy groups

Authors: Mordehai Milgrom;

MOND in galaxy groups

Abstract

Galaxy groups, which have hardly been looked at in MOND, afford probing the acceleration discrepancies in regions of system-parameter space that are not accessible in well-studied galactic systems, such as galaxies, galaxy clusters, and dwarf-spheroidal satellites of galaxies. Groups are typically the size of galaxy-cluster cores, but have masses typically only a few times that of a single galaxy. Accelerations in groups get far below those in galaxies, and far below the MOND acceleration. So much so, that many groups might be affected by the external-field effect, which is unique to MOND, due to background accelerations. Here, I analyze the MOND dynamics of 53 galaxy groups, recently catalogued in 3 lists. Their Newtonian, K-band, dynamical $M/L$ ratios are a few tens to several hundreds solar units, with $\langle{M_d/L_K}\rangle= (56, 25, 30)~M_{\odot}/L_{\odot}$, respectively for the 3 lists; thus evincing very large acceleration discrepancies. I find here that MOND requires dynamical $M_M/L_K$ values of order $1~M_{\odot}/L_{\odot}$, with $\langle{M_M/L_K}\rangle=(0.8, 0.56, 1.0) ~M_{\odot}/L_{\odot}$, for the 3 lists, which are in good agreement with population-synthesis stellar values, and with those found in individual galaxies. MOND thus accounts for the observed dynamics in those groups with baryons alone, and no need for dark matter -- an important extension of MOND analysis from galaxies to galactic systems, which, to boot, have characteristic sizes of several hundred kiloparsecs, and accelerations much lower than probed before -- only a few percent of MOND's $a_0$. The acceleration discrepancies evinced by these groups thus conform to the deep-MOND prediction: $g\approx (g_Na_0)^{1/2}$, down to these very low accelerations ($g$ is the measured, and $g_N$ the baryonic, Newtonian acceleration).

5 text pages and 3 Tables. Added Figures and references, and expanded discussion. Version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D

Related Organizations
Keywords

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
10
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
Green