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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Physical Review Darrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
Physical Review D
Article . 2002 . Peer-reviewed
License: APS Licenses for Journal Article Re-use
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Gravitational lensing by naked singularities

Authors: K. S. Virbhadra; G. F. R. Ellis;

Gravitational lensing by naked singularities

Abstract

We model massive dark objects in galactic nuclei as spherically symmetric static naked singularities in the Einstein massless scalar field theory and study the resulting gravitational lensing in detail. Based on whether or not a naked singularity is covered within a photon sphere we classify naked singularities into two kinds: weakly naked (those contained within at least one photon sphere) and strongly naked (those not contained within any photon sphere). The qualitative features of gravitational lensing due to a weakly naked singularity are similar to those due to a Schwarzschild black hole (these give rise to one Einstein ring but no radial critical curve). However, the gravitational lensing due to a strongly naked singularity is qualitatively different from that due to a Schwarzschild black hole; a strongly naked singularity gives rise to either two or nil Einstein ring(s) and one radial critical curve. A light ray passing close to a photon sphere of a black hole or a weakly naked singularity goes around its photon sphere once, twice, or many times (before reaching an observer) depending upon the impact parameter and thus gives rise to a sequence of theoretically infinite number of relativistic images, which are highly demagnified. A strongly naked singularity produces no relativistic images.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
513
Top 0.1%
Top 1%
Top 10%
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