The profound fact that the dimension-four operators in the effective chiral Lagrangian, including quartic-derivative terms, are uniquely determined by the integration of spurious (nontopological) chiral anomalies has rich applications to low-energy hadron physics. The form factor f-italic/sub -/ and the Callan-Treiman relation in K-italic/sub l-italic//sub 3/ decays, the axial-vector K-italic/sub l-italic//sub 4/ form factors, and the structure-dependent form factor xi in ..pi -->..e-italic..nu..e-italic/sup +/e/sup -/ are derived from the effective Lagrangian. A discussion of the parameter ..gamma.. in weak radiative ..pi.. and K-italic decays is also given.