The variation of the configuration distribution of nucleons is described in a unified way with coherent states expressed by generators of the type of particle-particle pairs. The collective generators are determined from the ground state for deformed nuclei and from the lowest multipole vibrations for spherical nuclei. The general effective Hamiltonian in boson representation is derived in a systematic way. The interacting boson model II for collective bands on the ground state is directly deduced from the general effective Hamiltonian by neglecting the coupling to noncollective modes. The reduction of the interacting boson model II is discussed in the same way as in the derivation of the interacting boson model II itself. A critical analysis of the interacting boson model I is given. Some particular features of the paper are discussed in comparison to the previous studies.