
Luminescence measurements in the vacuum ultraviolet of ${4f}^{11}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{4f}^{10}5d$ transitions on ${\mathrm{Er}}^{3+}$ in ${\mathrm{LiYF}}_{4}$ have shown the presence of a weak $\mathrm{fd}$ band. The weakness of the band is explained by the spin-forbidden character of transitions from the ground state to this $\mathrm{fd}$ state, which is at lower energy than the spin-allowed $\mathrm{fd}$ bands. Upon excitation in the spin-allowed $\mathrm{fd}$ bands, both fast spin-allowed $\mathrm{fd}$ emission (\ensuremath{\tau}=5 ns) and slow spin-forbidden $\mathrm{fd}$ emission (\ensuremath{\tau}g2 \ensuremath{\mu}s) are observed. These results can be understood with a configurational coordinate diagram analogous to the Jablonski diagrams that are used to explain the fluorescence and phosphorescence from organic molecules.
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