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For strongly anisotropic time-reversal invariant (TRI) insulators in two and three dimensions, the band inversion can occur respectively at all TRI momenta of a high symmetry axis and plane. Although these classes of materials are topologically trivial as the strong and weak $Z_{2}$ indices are all trivial, they can host an even number of unprotected helical gapless edge states or surface Dirac cones on some boundaries. We show in this work that when the gapless boundary states are gapped by $s_{\pm}$-wave superconductivity, a boundary time-reversal invariant topological superconductor (BTRITSC) characterized by a $Z_{2}$ invariant can be realized on the corresponding boundary. Since the dimension of the BTRITSC is lower than the bulk by one, the whole system is a second-order TRI topological superconductor. When the boundary of the BTRITSC is further cut open, Majorana Kramers pairs and helical gapless Majorana modes will respectively appear at the corners and hinges of the considered sample in two and three dimensions. Furthermore, a magnetic field can gap the helical Majorana hinge modes of the three-dimensional second-order TRI topological superconductor and lead to the realization of a third-order topological superconductor with Majorana corner modes. Our proposal can potentially be realized in insulator-superconductor heterostructures and iron-based superconductors whose normal states take the desired inverted band structures.
7+3 pages, 5 figures, some typos are corrected and new references are added
Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), FOS: Physical sciences, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases
Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con), Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el), Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas), Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci), FOS: Physical sciences, Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases
citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 11 | |
popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% | |
influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Average | |
impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% |