
The transfer of energy from single chromium ions to closely coupled pairs of chromium ions in ruby has been investigated. Ruby samples whose concentrations ranged from 0.003 to 1.0% ${\mathrm{Cr}}_{2}$${\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ were prepared and in each crystal the intensity of single-ion fluorescence and of pair fluorescence was accurately measured. Radiative-decay measurements were also made in an attempt to unravel the dynamics of the transfer process. The transfer from single ions to pairs is shown to occur nonradiatively, and its efficiency is enhanced by a fast energy transfer between individual single ions. The possibility is explored that an electric quadrupole-quadrupole interaction is responsible for this transfer process.
| selected citations These citations are derived from selected sources. This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 157 | |
| popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% | |
| influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Top 1% | |
| impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% |
