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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao https://doi.org/10.1...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
https://doi.org/10.1103/physre...
Article . 1956 . Peer-reviewed
License: APS Licenses for Journal Article Re-use
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Copper in Germanium: Recombination Center and Trapping Center

Authors: R. G. Shulman; B. J. Wyluda;

Copper in Germanium: Recombination Center and Trapping Center

Abstract

The time-dependent photoconductivity of copper-doped $n$-type and $p$-type germanium bridges has been measured between 130\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K and 293\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. Temporary hole traps were found in the $n$-type samples at the lower temperatures but no traps were observed in the $p$ type. Trap concentrations agreed with the density of copper atoms to within a factor of two and were at least 100 times higher than undoped crystals. The trappings levels are 0.2 ev above the valence band; the capture cross section for holes, ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{p}$, is ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}16}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}$ and independent of temperature while the capture cross section for electrons, ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{n}$, is temperature-dependent with an activation energy greater than 0.1 ev. As a result of this temperature dependence of ${\ensuremath{\sigma}}_{n}$, the 0.2-ev copper level changes from a recombination center at room temperature to a hole trap at lower temperatures.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
23
Average
Top 1%
Top 10%
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