Abstract Background Current evidence has revealed a significant association between bullous pemphigoid (BP) and neurological diseases (ND), including stroke, but the incidence of BP autoantibodies in patients with stroke has not previously been investigated. Objective Our study aims to assess BP antigen-specific antibodies in stroke patients. Methods 100 patients with stroke and 100 healthy controls were randomly selected to measure anti-BP180/230 IgG autoantibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), salt split indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and immunoblotting against human cutaneous BP180 and BP180-NC16A. Results Anti-BP180 autoantibodies were found in 14(14.0%) patients with stroke and 5(5.0 %) of controls by ELISA (p<0.05). Sera from 13(13.0%) patients with stroke and 3(3.0 %) controls reacted with 180-kDa proteins from human cutis extract (p<0.05). 11(11.0%) of stroke and 2(2.0 %) of control sera recognized the human recombinant full length BP180 and NC16A (p<0.05). The anti-BP180-positive patients were significantly younger than the negative patients in stroke (p<0.001). Limitations Longitudinal changes in antibody titers and long-term clinical outcome for a long duration were not fully investigated. Conclusion Development of anti-BP180 autoantibodies occur at a higher frequency after stroke, suggesting BP180 as a shared autoantigen in stroke with BP and providing novel insights into BP pathogenesis in aging.