The quantum version of the Bochkov–Kuzovlev identity is derived on the basis of the appropriate definition of work as the difference of the measured internal energies of a quantum system at the beginning and the end of an external action on the system given by a prescribed protocol. According to the spirit of the original Bochkov–Kuzovlev approach, we adopt the ‘exclusive’ viewpoint, meaning that the coupling to the external work source is not counted as part of the internal energy. The corresponding canonical and microcanonical quantum fluctuation theorems are derived as well, and are compared with the respective theorems obtained within the ‘inclusive’ approach. The relations between the quantum inclusive work w , the exclusive work w 0 and the dissipated work w dis , are discussed and clarified. We show by an explicit example that w 0 and w dis are distinct stochastic quantities obeying different statistics.