The last 2 decades have witnessed a revolution in the treatment of patients with paraesophageal hernia (PEH). Nowadays, the laparoscopic repair with fundoplication is considered as the primary treatment modality in most academic centers for symptomatic patients. Three findings have clearly emerged: (1) this procedure is technically demanding; (2) it is associated with relief of symptoms in most patients; and (3) most recurrences are small and asymptomatic. This article describes our approach step-by-step to the repair of a paraesophageal hiatal hernia, focusing on several technical controversies.