We investigated the etiology, incidence, and complications of patients with mandibular fracture in Amsterdam for a period of 10 years. Between January 2000 and January 2009, 213 patients with surgically treated mandibular fracture were identified. Two hundred thirteen patients were included with a mean age of 32.5 (SD, 15.2) years. Male-female ratio was 2.2:1. A total of 410 fracture lines were identified. In violence-related injuries, angle fractures were proved to be the main fracture site. For male patients, violence (33.6%) was the main cause of injury. The most common cause for female patients was traffic related. In 169 patients, open reduction with internal fixation was performed in 17 patients without intermaxillary fixation. Twenty-seven patients were treated only with intermaxillary fixation. A total of 1738 screws and 393 plates were used. Sixty patients presented with complications. The results of this report are partly in line with other studies and provides important data for the design of plans for injury prevention.