Although much has been written regarding ergonomics in ophthalmology, little information is available regarding the specific ergonomic concerns of pediatric ophthalmology and in particular, of strabismus surgery. This article will summarize current findings pertaining to musculoskeletal disorders in ophthalmology and review their implications for strabismus surgeons.Optical motion capture is a promising alternative to older qualitative and quantitative methods for evaluating ergonomic posture. Recent studies support the need for training to reduce work-related musculoskeletal disorders.