Myopia is progressing at faster than predicted rates for reasons that are still unknown. The public health consequences worldwide, are also becoming a burden on healthcare costs. There have been numerous studies published attempting to determine the cause of myopia progression and methods of prevention.The review examines recent articles that have tried to explain myopia progression and the increase in prevalence across the globe. Additionally, this review provides up-to-date research on current treatment options and their efficacy.Although this topic has been an increased area of study recently, even more studies are needed to find a definitive treatment for the prevention of myopia.