Primary care providers play an instrumental role in both coordinating prevention efforts and facilitating emergency care for patients with signs and symptoms of acute ischemic stroke. Acute Ischemic stroke, also known as brain attack, is the third leading cause of death and the leading cause of adult disability in the United States. Acute ischemic stroke is currently considered a medical emergency that can respond to early treatment. In addition, primary and secondary prevention activities have proved effective. This article reviews the current literature regarding the types of stroke as well as specific information about prevention, signs and symptoms, and management. Guidelines for assessment and emergency care for patients with acute ischemic stroke are also provided.