Abstract FAIRLY closely related to the management of ‘human resources’ in terms of significance and focus is knowledge management. Knowledge and human resources cannot be fully separated, al though some authors reify knowledge. Knowledge management gives a particular perspective on how organizational resources and especially the key one in the form of humans-are being managed, or at least how management tries to access and control them. Although people have tried to utilize and improve knowledge throughout history, the term ‘knowledge management’ became popular in the 1990s. It is now an important area of organizational practice and a significant academic sub discipline. Knowledge management (KM) is one of those rare fashionable ideas that have been celebrated by practitioners but also by academics across a broad range of disciplines.