Introversion–extraversion, referred to hereby as extraversion, is a personality trait dimension (see the separate Oxford Bibliographies article Trait Perspective) within basic personality taxonomies such at the Five-Factor Model of Personality (see the separate Oxford Bibliographies article Five-Factor Model of Personality). Historical interest in extraversion dates back to Antiquity, and psychologists have studied this trait since the end of the nineteenth century. As with any personality trait, extraversion encompasses characteristic patterns of affect, behavior, cognition, and desire (or motivation) over time and situations. Highly extraverted individuals tend to be more assertive, sociable, and enthusiastic, whereas people who are more introverted tend to be unassertive, quiet, and less enthusiastic. Extraversion is a robust predictor of life outcomes, such as life events, as well as outcomes in relational, academic, and occupational domains. This bibliography provides an overview of scholarly work on extraversion, organizes this work across a variety of topics, and highlights key references.