The vast majority of carotid artery lesions are of atherosclerotic origin. Other conditions such post-radiation vasculopathy, spontaneous or traumatic carotid artery dissection, Takayashu disease, fibromuscular dysplasia or Ehlers Danlos syndrome may affect the carotid artery but account for the minority of cases. Atherosclerosis of the extracranial carotid artery is common and is typically located at the origin of the internal carotid artery. It is estimated that 10-20% of ischemic strokes are related to carotid artery disease. The main mechanism of stroke related to carotid disease is embolic; rarely, it can be hymodynamic in case of critical carotid stenosis or occlusion in the presence of insufficient collateral circulation.