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Law Probability and Risk
Article . 2003 . Peer-reviewed
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Epistemology and legal regulation of proof

Authors: Damaška, Mirjan;

Epistemology and legal regulation of proof

Abstract

La omnipresencia de los problemas cognitivos en el proceso judicial es menor de lo que generalmente se piensa. Los mecanismos óptimos de establecimiento de hechos dependen de una variedad de factores, de modo tal que quienes intenten mejorarlos enfrentan diferentes problemas en distintos escenarios procesales. Al examinar los factores en relación con las mejores prácticas probatorias, el autor se enfoca, en un primer momento, en los factores internos de la cultura judicial, tales como el variado perfil de los órganos decisores, el tipo de procedimiento y los objetivos de la jus­ticia. Posteriormente, explora la influencia de factores extrajudiciales, tales como el papel de la ideología política, la estructura estatal y el contexto cultural general en las decisiones judiciales sobre los hechos. Se da especial importancia a la cuestión relativa a si las técnicas probatorias en entornos culturales radicalmente distintos se vuelven discontinuas e inconmensurables. El trabajo termina con una nota de advertencia, sugiriendo que la ausencia de una adecuada taxonomía de los hechos sujetos a prueba dificulta en gran medida la aplicación de las perspectivas de la ciencia cognitiva en las decisiones judiciales concerniente a los hechos.

In the legal process, there are fewer ubiquitous cognitive problems than is often thought. Optimal fact-finding arrangements depend on a variety of factors, so that those intent on improving these arrangements face different problems in different procedural settings. In examining factors with a bearing on best fact-finding practices, the author focuses first on factors that are internal to legal culture, such as the varying profile of decision-makers, the type of proceedings, and the objectives of justice. He then explores the influence of extra-legal factors, such as the role of political ideology, governmental structure, and the general cultural context on adjudicative fact-finding. Special attention is given to the question of whether radically different cultural environments render their proof-technologies discontinuous, or incommensurable. The paper ends on a cautionary note, suggesting that the absence of a suitable taxonomy of facts subject to proof makes it very difficult to apply the insights of cognitive science to factual inquiries in adjudication.

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Keywords

proceso adversarial, adversary process, inquisitorial process, cultura y prueba, probability, proceso inquisitivo, Juzgamiento sobre hechos, courts, prueba legal, tribunales, probabilidad, Adjudicative fact-finding, legal proof, culture and proof

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
10
Average
Average
Average
bronze