Abstract Participation is a humanitarian mantra and a mainstay in development discourse. Some important steps have recently been taken to strengthen meaningful and effective refugee participation, including through refugee-led organizations. Although more than half of those displaced by conflict and violence worldwide are uprooted within their own countries, progress in supporting participation opportunities for internally displaced persons (IDPs) has been more limited. This Field Reflection aims to advance conversations on participation in the context of internal displacement and understanding of the important contributions of IDP-led organizations. It does so by drawing on the perspectives of IDP leaders and co-authors from Ukraine, Iraq, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Colombia and Honduras to address seven interconnected themes: (1) local, accountable approaches to enabling participation; (2) risks and challenges of working internally; (3) balancing IDP-specific and integrated approaches; (4) distinctive challenges associated with disaster contexts; (5) diversity and inclusion in IDP participation, including in relation to race, gender and sexuality; (6) mental health and IDP participation; and (7) the value of international solidarity among IDPs. The analysis emphasizes the need for decentralization and sustained resources to support IDP participation, as well as concrete steps to reduce insecurity. A balance must be achieved between participation processes that focus on IDPs and integrated, intersectional approaches that engage IDPs alongside others affected by conflict and disasters. Outstanding challenges include the integration of mental health concerns into participation processes to prevent burnout and fostering cross-border solidarity among IDP leaders to share experiences and strategies. These insights highlight the need for systemic changes to enhance IDP participation in policymaking, humanitarian response, and long-term development efforts.