The urine during an attack of lobar pneumonia is decreased in amount and usually contains a trace of albumin and a few granular casts. This so-called febrile albuminuria, or toxemic nephritis, whi:h is often associated with other acute infectious diseases, is characterized by certain transitory changes in the kidneys attributed to the action of toxins. Fraenkel and Reiche1 in an accurate study of these changes found that the cortical layer was almost always exclusively affected, and only in rare instances were there casts in the collecting tubules. In the cortex the secreting parenchyma, the loop of Henle, and the straight tubules alone were involved, and the glomerular capsules contained variable amounts of exudate. The epithelium, except for occasional deposits of pigment, was not degenerated, and there were ro recent changes in the medullary connective tissue. In 22 of the 26 cases studied, pneumococci were found in the kidneys, and these observers emphasize the importance of the bacteria in the production of this temporary nephritis. The elimination of the pneumococci through the urine during an attack of pneumonia has often been referred to in the literature, but there is little evidence of a convincing nature to support this view. Should it be proved, however, that pneumococci are commonly found in the urine of pneumonia patients, urine cultures would aid in the diagnosis and the control of the disease. It would be interesting, however, to know whether the pneumococci were in any way changed by their passage through the urinary system. To throw light on these questions bacteriologic examinations of the urine of patients suffering from lobar pneumonia have been made, and the. results obtained are here recorded.