ABSTRACT A simple technique for preparing mitotic metaphases from a larval ganglion of Drosophila is described. Parallel examination of polytene and metaphase chromosome groups shows that inversion polymorphism in chromosome 3 of D. recticilia from East Maui (Hawaii) manifests a one-to-one correlation with a metaphase karyotype polymorphism due to the presence of an extra heterochromatic portion. These observations are consistent with the previous findings on other species of Hawaiian Drosophila. They strongly support the hypothesis that when one breakpoint of a long inverted segment of a chromosome element occurs in the vicinity of the constitutive heterochromatin, it may exert an effect in eliciting the production of heterochromatic material in the same chromosome.