Abstract In recent years, social psychology has made progress in measuring more suble, implicit forms of prejudice. But has American racism at the level of attitudes declined? There are marked improvements in both implicit and explicit racial attitudes. In general, it seems fair to conclude that, yes, racist attitudes have declined to some degree—especially among young White Americans. Yet the myth of a post-racial era essentially ending the problem of racial prejudice remains strong for there are also strong counter-trends. The political polarization of the country has led to a solid minority of White Americans being more open in their expression of their racist views. And the following chapters will show how racial discrimination, supported by prejudicial attitudes, continues to persist in many parts of American society.