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The Astrophysical Journal
Article . 2007 . Peer-reviewed
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St Andrews Research Repository
Article . 2008 . Peer-reviewed
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Dusty Disks at the Bottom of the Initial Mass Function

Authors: Scholz, Alexander; Jayawardhana, Ray;

Dusty Disks at the Bottom of the Initial Mass Function

Abstract

Isolated planetary-mass objects (IPMOs) have masses close to or below the deuterium-burning mass limit (∼ )—at the bottom of the stellar initial mass function . We present an exploratory survey for disks in this 15 MJup mass regime, based on a dedicated observing campaign with the Spitzer Space Telescope. Our targets include the full sample of spectroscopically confirmed IPMOs in the j Orionis cluster, a total of 18 sources. In the mass range , we identify four objects with 13 j color excess at a wavelength of 8.0 mm, interpreted as emission 8–20 MJup from dusty disks. We thus establish that a substantial fraction of IPMOs harbor disks with lifetimes of at least 2– 4 Myr (the likely age of the cluster), indicating an origin from core collapse and fragmentation processes. The disk frequency in the IPMO sample is % at 8.0 mm, very similar to what has been found for stars and brown 16 2913 dwarfs (∼30%). The object S Ori 70, a candidate object in this cluster, shows IRAC colors in excess of the 3 MJup typical values for field T dwarfs (on a 2 j level), possibly due to disk emission or low gravity. This is a new indication for youth and thus an extremely low mass for S Ori 70. Subject headings: circumstellar matter — planetary systems — planetary systems: protoplanetary disks — stars: formation — stars: low-mass, brown dwarfs

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United Kingdom
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Keywords

Sigma-orionis cluster, spectroscopy, Brown dwarfs, Population, Stars : formation, Circumstellar matter, 530, 520, Stars : low-mass, Photometry, Planetary systems, QC Physics, Objects, Planetary systems : protoplanetary disks, Young brown dwarfs, QC

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
43
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
gold
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