Proinflammatory Responses in the Murine Brain after Intranasal Delivery of Cholera Toxin: Implications for the Use of AB Toxins as Adjuvants in Intranasal Vaccines
Copyright policy )Proinflammatory Responses in the Murine Brain after Intranasal Delivery of Cholera Toxin: Implications for the Use of AB Toxins as Adjuvants in Intranasal Vaccines
Intranasal delivery of vaccines provides an attractive alternative to parenteral delivery, but it requires appropriate mucosal adjuvants. Cholera toxin (CT) is a powerful mucosal adjuvant, but it can undergo retrograde transport to the brain via the olfactory system after intranasal delivery. We demonstrate that intranasal delivery of CT increases the expression of interleukin-1 beta , cyclooxygenase-2, and chemokine messenger RNA in the murine hypothalamus, whereas parenterally delivered CT has little effect. Our findings suggest that CT can induce proinflammatory mediators in the brain when it is administered intranasally but not parenterally, and they raise concerns about the use of AB toxins as adjuvants in intranasal vaccines.
- Trinity College Dublin Ireland
570, Cholera Toxin, Immunology, Hypothalamus, Mice, Adjuvants, Immunologic, Inflammation & Infection, 616, Animals, RNA, Messenger, Administration, Intranasal, Cells, Cultured, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Biological Transport, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Cholera toxin (CT), Cyclooxygenase 2, Immunology, Inflammation & Infection, Female, Chemokines, Neuroglia, Interleukin-1
570, Cholera Toxin, Immunology, Hypothalamus, Mice, Adjuvants, Immunologic, Inflammation & Infection, 616, Animals, RNA, Messenger, Administration, Intranasal, Cells, Cultured, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Biological Transport, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Cholera toxin (CT), Cyclooxygenase 2, Immunology, Inflammation & Infection, Female, Chemokines, Neuroglia, Interleukin-1
selected citations These citations are derived from selected sources.This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).47 popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.Top 10% influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).Top 10% impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.Top 10%
Citations provided by BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!