1. The species of Hibiscus being grown in Cuba for the production of soft fiber has been correctly identified as kenaf (H. cannabinus) rather than as roselle (H. sabdariffa). Differences in color of withered flower petals and seed characters, as well as unlikeness in various floral parts and in the appearance of stems, are suggested means of distinguishing these closely allied species. 2. Two varieties of kenaf, viridis and vulgaris, have been identified as comprising the plant material being grown in Cuba. The botanical descriptions presented show that the two varieties are alike in all respects in morphological appearance, with the exception of their leaves-viridis being characterized by having cordate leaves only, while vulgaris possesses both cordate and palmately lobed leaves. Differences in plant behavior within a particular variety suggest that these varieties are made up of several strains. These strains might offer a means of improving the plant for fiber purposes by selecting for one or two of t...