<script type="text/javascript">
<!--
document.write('<div id="oa_widget"></div>');
document.write('<script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.openaire.eu/index.php?option=com_openaire&view=widget&format=raw&projectId=undefined&type=result"></script>');
-->
</script>
Meningitis is the most severe manifestation of tuberculosis, resulting in death or disability in over 50% of those affected, with even higher morbidity and mortality among patients with HIV or drug resistance. Antimicrobial treatment of Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is similar to treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, although some drugs show poor central nervous system penetration. Therefore, intensification of antibiotic treatment may improve TBM treatment outcomes. In this review, we address three main areas: available data for old and new anti-tuberculous agents; intensified treatment in specific patient groups like HIV co-infection, drug-resistance, and children; and optimal research strategies. There is good evidence from preclinical, clinical, and modeling studies to support the use of high-dose rifampicin in TBM, likely to be at least 30 mg/kg. Higher dose isoniazid could be beneficial, especially in rapid acetylators. The role of other first and second line drugs is unclear, but observational data suggest that linezolid, which has good brain penetration, may be beneficial. We advocate the use of molecular pharmacological approaches, physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling and pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic studies to define optimal regimens to be tested in clinical trials. Exciting data from recent studies hold promise for improved regimens and better clinical outcomes in future.
Radboudumc 4: lnfectious Diseases and Global Health RIMLS: Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Coinfection, Antitubercular Agents, HIV Infections, Clinical Pharmacy - Radboud University Medical Center, Models, Biological, Treatment Outcome, Tuberculosis, Meningeal, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant, Animals, Humans, Internal Medicine - Radboud University Medical Center, Radboudumc 4: lnfectious Diseases and Global Health RIHS: Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Child
Radboudumc 4: lnfectious Diseases and Global Health RIMLS: Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Coinfection, Antitubercular Agents, HIV Infections, Clinical Pharmacy - Radboud University Medical Center, Models, Biological, Treatment Outcome, Tuberculosis, Meningeal, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant, Animals, Humans, Internal Medicine - Radboud University Medical Center, Radboudumc 4: lnfectious Diseases and Global Health RIHS: Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Child
citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 40 | |
popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% | |
influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Top 10% | |
impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% |