
We previously showed that inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 2 (IHPK2) functions as a growth-suppressive and apoptosis-enhancing kinase during cell stress. Overexpression of IHPK2 sensitized ovarian carcinoma cell lines to the growth-suppressive and apoptotic effects of interferon beta (IFN-beta), IFN-alpha2, and gamma-irradiation. Expression of a kinase-dead mutant abrogated 50% of the apoptosis induced by IFN-beta. Because the kinase-dead mutant retained significant response to cell stressors, we hypothesized that a portion of the death-promoting function of IHPK2 was independent of its kinase activity. We now demonstrate that IHPK2 binds to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor (TRAF) 2 and interferes with phosphorylation of transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), thereby inhibiting NF-kappaB signaling. IHPK2 contains two sites required for TRAF2 binding, Ser-347 and Ser-359. Compared with wild type IHPK2-transfected cells, cells expressing S347A and S359A mutations displayed 3.5-fold greater TAK1 activation following TNF-alpha. This mutant demonstrated a 6-10-fold increase in NF-kappaB DNA binding following TNF-alpha compared with wild type IHPK2-expressing cells in which NF-kappaB DNA binding was inhibited. Cells transfected with wild type IHPK2 or IHPK2 mutants that lacked S347A and S359A mutations displayed enhanced terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling staining following TNF-alpha. We believe that IHPK2-TRAF2 binding leads to attenuation of TAK1- and NF-kappaB-mediated signaling and is partially responsible for the apoptotic activity of IHPK2.
Phosphotransferases (Phosphate Group Acceptor), MAP Kinase Signaling System, Mutation, Missense, NF-kappa B, Gene Expression, Interferon-alpha, Apoptosis, Interferon-beta, MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases, TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2, MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 7, Mice, Amino Acid Substitution, Gamma Rays, Cell Line, Tumor, Animals, Humans, Protein Binding
Phosphotransferases (Phosphate Group Acceptor), MAP Kinase Signaling System, Mutation, Missense, NF-kappa B, Gene Expression, Interferon-alpha, Apoptosis, Interferon-beta, MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases, TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2, MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 7, Mice, Amino Acid Substitution, Gamma Rays, Cell Line, Tumor, Animals, Humans, Protein Binding
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