Significance Echoviruses are associated with aseptic meningitis and induce severe and sometimes fatal disease in neonates and young infants. Here, we identify the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) as a pan-echovirus receptor. FcRn is expressed on the surface of the human placenta, and throughout life on intestinal enterocytes, liver hepatocytes, and in the microvascular endothelial cells that line the blood–brain barrier. This pattern of expression is consistent with the organ sites targeted by echoviruses in humans, as the primary entry site of infection is the intestinal and secondary sites of infection include the liver and brain. These findings provide important insights into echovirus pathogenesis and may explain the enhanced susceptibility of neonates to echovirus-induced disease.