A new carmovirus has been found in Cardamine lilacina in the Mt. Kosciusko alpine area of Australia. It causes chlorotic flecking of infected leaves, and we call it cardamine chlorotic fleck virus. It can be mechanically transmitted to C. lilacina, turnip (Brassica rapa) and candytuft (Iberis coronaria), and the latter is the best experimental host for propagating the virus. It has isometric particles 30 nm in diameter, and these contain a single-stranded RNA genome of approximately 4.1 kilobases. Partial sequencing of the genome has revealed regions with up to 82% nucleic acid homology with turnip crinkle carmovirus. However, no reaction was obtained between the particles of cardamine chlorotic fleck virus and an antiserum to turnip crinkle virus.