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Pure and Nd added NBT-BT single crystals - Growth and their characterization

Authors: S. Shanmuga Sundari; K. Baskar; R. Dhanasekaran;

Pure and Nd added NBT-BT single crystals - Growth and their characterization

Abstract

The lead free piezoelectric materials are secured an important place in the field of material science and engineering. In the present work single crystals of sodium bismuth titanate- barium titanate (0.94NBT-0.06BT) and 0.6 wt % of Nd added NBT-BT has been grown by flux method. The addition of 0.6 wt% of Nd shows the inhomogeneity in melt and the crystals collected from the top, middle and bottom portions of the crucible have been characterized for their structural and dielectric properties. The Nd concentration is found to be more in the crystals grown from the bottom portion of crucible and it was confirmed by optical and structural analysis. After the addition of Nd the color of the crystal changes form pale yellow to muddy green. The depolarization temperature (Td) and the temperature where the dielectric constant reaches its maximum (Tm) are increased from 442 K to 475 K and 595 K and 628 K respectively after the addition the of Nd in NBT-BT.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
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