Elemental and isotopic abundances are the fossils of galactic archaeology. The observed [X/Fe]-[Fe/H] relations in the Galactic bulge and disk and the mass-metallicity relation of galaxies are roughly reproduced with chemodynamical simulations of galaxies under the standard Λ-CDM picture and standard stellar physics. The observed [Mn/Fe] will put a constraint on the progenitors of Type Ia Supernova, while [(Zn,Co)/Fe] will put a constraint on the fraction of hypernovae. The isotopic ratios such as 17,18O and 25,26Mg may require a refinement of modelling of supernova and asymptotic giant branch stars. The recent observation of the Carbon-rich Damped Lyman α system can be reproduced only with faint core-collapse supernovae. This suggests that chemical enrichment by the first stars in the first galaxies is driven not by pair-instability supernovae but by core-collapse supernovae (∼20-50M⊙). The observed F abundances can be reproduced with the neutrino processes of core-collapse supernovae. As in F, the obser...