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The orientation of the NH3D+ ion in crystals: Phases, tunneling, and photophysics

Authors: Andrew P. Trapani; Steven W. Gensler; Herbert L. Strauss;

The orientation of the NH3D+ ion in crystals: Phases, tunneling, and photophysics

Abstract

The equilibrium orientation and the kinetics of reorientation of NH3D+ dilute in a number of Tutton salts and in ammonium sulfate have been studied. The kinetics of reorientation are very slow (hours or days) at 4 K and consequently it is difficult to obtain the equilibrium distribution. Our previous report of a maximum extent of orientation at about 30 K is incorrect. Instead the extent of orientation increases monotonically as the temperature is lowered. This can be modeled with NH3D+ ions interacting by means of their dipole moments. Although the salts behave as well defined phases at low temperatures, the possibility of glass-like behavior remains open for both the salts and the Monte Carlo simulation. The kinetic processes occur by tunneling, and the tunneling rates have been measured. These rates give reasonable values for the barrier to reorientation. The orientation rate is accelerated by broadband infrared irradiation of the sample. The radiation is probably absorbed by the N–D stretches and induces the rotation of the excited ions.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
7
Average
Top 10%
Average
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