Abstract During orthodontic therapy, control of root alignment is critical for achieving optimal treatment results and to assure a good long-term prognosis for the correction obtained. Root correction is an important step of treatment that should not be overlooked. Careful evaluation of the position of the roots after space closure in extraction cases is performed for anterior and posterior teeth, and necessary correction should be implemented to obtain an optimal occlusion and an adequate bone distribution between teeth in the arch. Similarly, in nonextraction cases, root parallelism is achieved to promote a good periodontal prognosis and long-term maintenance of the correction obtained. Different treatment strategies may be used to achieve anterior and posterior root correction, each having advantages and limitations clinically.