Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) is a noninvasive imaging technique for the evaluation of pancreatico-biliary disorders. It uses magnetic resonance imaging to visualize fluid in the biliary and pancreatic ducts as high signal intensity on T2-weighted sequences and provides improved spatial resolution and permits imaging of the entire pancreatico-biliary tract during a single breath-hold. It is being used with increasing frequency as a noninvasive alternative to diagnostic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and, in most institutions, has become the initial imaging tool for the pancreatico-biliary system, with ERCP reserved for only therapeutic indications. The literature indicates that MRCP is equivalent in diagnosticaccuracytoERCPacrossnumerouspancreatico-biliary pathologies and therefore can reliably be used as thefirst-line investigation.MRCPisnoninvasive,lessoperatordependent, does not require anesthesia or contrast material, and uses no radiation. It is only a diagnostic procedure and therapeutic intervention cannot be performed as part of this procedure, whereas ERCP is a diagnostic as well as a therapeutic procedure. However, ERCP is highly operator dependent, has significant morbidity and mortality, and operators cannot cannulate the common bile duct (CBD) and pancreatic duct in up to 9% of examinations. 1 MRCP avoids the potential morbidity and mortality associated with ERCP. MRCP is an appropriate noninvasive tool in suspected pancreato-biliary pathology especially when no or low likelihood of therapeutic intervention is anticipated. MRCP is particularly useful where ERCP is difficult, dangerous, or impossible (eg, previous gastroenteric anastomosis or gastrojejunostomy).Itisalsoanimportantoptionforpatients with failed ERCPs. MRCP and ERCP have different contraindications allowing them to be used as complementary techniques. 2 In this article, we provide an overview of the MRCP technique and clinical applications in a variety of diseases.