Dialysis Care and Dialysis Funding in Asia
Copyright policy )Dialysis Care and Dialysis Funding in Asia
Asia is the largest and most populated continent in the world, with a high burden of kidney failure. In this Policy Forum article, we explore dialysis care and dialysis funding in 17 countries in Asia, describing conditions in both developed and developing nations across the region. In 13 of the 17 countries surveyed, diabetes is the most common cause of kidney failure. Due to great variation in gross domestic product per capita across Asian countries, disparities in the provision of kidney replacement therapy (KRT) exist both within and between countries. A number of Asian nations have satisfactory access to KRT and have comprehensive KRT registries to help inform practices, but some do not, particularly among low- and low-to-middle-income countries. Given these differences, we describe the economic status, burden of kidney failure, and cost of KRT across the different modalities to both governments and patients and how changes in health policy over time affect outcomes. Emerging trends suggest that more affluent nations and those with universal health care or access to insurance have much higher prevalent dialysis and transplantation rates, while in less affluent nations, dialysis access may be limited and when available, provided less frequently than optimal. These trends are also reflected by an association between nephrologist prevalence and individual nations' incomes and a disparity in the number of nephrologists per million population and per thousand KRT patients.
- Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital Taiwan
- Serdang Hospital Malaysia
- Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Hospital Brunei Darussalam
- Sun Yat-sen University China (People's Republic of)
- UNSW Sydney Australia
Kidney Transplantation / statistics & numerical data, nephrology workforce, Health Services Accessibility, Insurance Coverage, Kidney Failure, Cost of Illness, Universal Health Insurance, Public / economics, geographical differences, Prevalence, cost of care, Diabetic Nephropathies, Private / economics, Private / statistics & numerical data, Procedures and Techniques Utilization / statistics & numerical data, Developing Countries / economics, Health Care Costs, Health Expenditures / statistics & numerical data, Chronic / therapy*, Diabetic Nephropathies / epidemiology, Hospitals, health care policy, Developed Countries / economics, Renal Dialysis / economics, Health Care Costs / statistics & numerical data, China, Asia, 330, Renal Dialysis / statistics & numerical data*, health care financing, review, hemodialysis (HD), Hospitals, Private, Renal Dialysis, Humans, Diabetic Nephropathies / economics, Asia / epidemiology, Insurance Coverage / statistics & numerical data, peritoneal dialysis (PD), Developing Countries, Diabetic Nephropathies / therapy, Kidney Transplantation / economics, Hospitals, Public, Universal Health Insurance / statistics & numerical data, Developed Countries, dialysis modality, Kidney Transplantation, renal replacement therapy (RRT), Chronic / epidemiology, end-stage renal disease (ESRD), Kidney Failure, Chronic, Procedures and Techniques Utilization / economics, Health Expenditures, Public / statistics & numerical data, Chronic / economics, Dialysis, Procedures and Techniques Utilization
Kidney Transplantation / statistics & numerical data, nephrology workforce, Health Services Accessibility, Insurance Coverage, Kidney Failure, Cost of Illness, Universal Health Insurance, Public / economics, geographical differences, Prevalence, cost of care, Diabetic Nephropathies, Private / economics, Private / statistics & numerical data, Procedures and Techniques Utilization / statistics & numerical data, Developing Countries / economics, Health Care Costs, Health Expenditures / statistics & numerical data, Chronic / therapy*, Diabetic Nephropathies / epidemiology, Hospitals, health care policy, Developed Countries / economics, Renal Dialysis / economics, Health Care Costs / statistics & numerical data, China, Asia, 330, Renal Dialysis / statistics & numerical data*, health care financing, review, hemodialysis (HD), Hospitals, Private, Renal Dialysis, Humans, Diabetic Nephropathies / economics, Asia / epidemiology, Insurance Coverage / statistics & numerical data, peritoneal dialysis (PD), Developing Countries, Diabetic Nephropathies / therapy, Kidney Transplantation / economics, Hospitals, Public, Universal Health Insurance / statistics & numerical data, Developed Countries, dialysis modality, Kidney Transplantation, renal replacement therapy (RRT), Chronic / epidemiology, end-stage renal disease (ESRD), Kidney Failure, Chronic, Procedures and Techniques Utilization / economics, Health Expenditures, Public / statistics & numerical data, Chronic / economics, Dialysis, Procedures and Techniques Utilization
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