AbstractRecently, the first magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) images at the cellular level in isolated mammalian brain tissues were obtained using microsurface coils. These methods can elucidate the cellular origins of MR signals and describe how these signals change over the course of disease progression and therapy. In this work, we explore the capability of these microimaging techniques to visualize mouse muscle fibers and their nuclei. Isolated myofibers expressing lacZ were imaged with and without a stain for β-galactosidase activity (S-Gal + ferric ammonium citrate) that produces both optical and MR contrast. We found that MRM can be used to image single myofibers with 6-μm resolution. The ability to image single myofibers will serve as a valuable tool to study MR properties attributed to healthy and myopathic cells. The ability to image nuclei tagged with MR/Optical gene markers may also find wide use in cell lineage MRI studies.