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Cytotoxic T cells are able to efficiently eliminate cancer cells by additive cytotoxicity

Authors: Carl G. Figdor; Peter Friedl; Peter Friedl; Harry Dolstra; Annemieke Th den Boer; Bettina Weigelin; Esther Wagena; +3 Authors

Cytotoxic T cells are able to efficiently eliminate cancer cells by additive cytotoxicity

Abstract

AbstractLethal hit delivery by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) towards B lymphoma cells occurs as a binary, “yes/no” process. In non-hematologic solid tumors, however, CTL often fail to kill target cells during 1:1 conjugation. Here we describe a mechanism of “additive cytotoxicity” by which time-dependent integration of sublethal damage events, delivered by multiple CTL transiting between individual tumor cells, mediates effective elimination. Reversible sublethal damage includes perforin-dependent membrane pore formation, nuclear envelope rupture and DNA damage. Statistical modeling reveals that 3 serial hits delivered with decay intervals below 50 min discriminate between tumor cell death or survival after recovery. In live melanoma lesions in vivo, sublethal multi-hit delivery is most effective in interstitial tissue where high CTL densities and swarming support frequent serial CTL-tumor cell encounters. This identifies CTL-mediated cytotoxicity by multi-hit delivery as an incremental and tunable process, whereby accelerating damage magnitude and frequency may improve immune efficacy.

Keywords

Cytotoxicity, Immunologic, Male, IMPACT, TUMOR-CELLS, Science, General Biochemistry,Genetics and Molecular Biology, General Physics and Astronomy, Apoptosis, Article, Mice, All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center, Radboudumc 2: Cancer development and immune defence RIMLS: Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Cell Line, Tumor, Animals, Humans, GRANZYME-B, Melanoma, IN-VIVO, DNA-DAMAGE ACCUMULATION, REPAIR, Cell Death, Perforin, INDUCTION, Q, General Chemistry, PERFORIN, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Kinetics, INFILTRATION, PLASMA-MEMBRANE, MCF-7 Cells, Female, DNA Damage, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic

  • BIP!
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    citations
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    183
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 1%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Top 10%
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 0.1%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
183
Top 1%
Top 10%
Top 0.1%
Green
gold